Many parents will try all kinds of ways to restore their children's eyesight when they first find their children's myopia. However, at present, if the child is really short-sighted, there is no way to reverse the development of degrees.

How to distinguish whether the child is really nearsighted?

When the eye has no degree, the distant parallel light enters the eye, just focusing on the retina, and we can see clearly. When looking near, because the light entering the eye is not parallel, the lens in the eye needs to become more convex and have a stronger ability to focus the light on the retina. But the lens becomes convex, mainly depends on the ciliary muscle contraction, that is, the ciliary muscle regulation ability.

Therefore, when the eyes are looking at the distance, they are in a relaxed state; when they are looking near, they need to use adjustment to see clearly. And long-term use of regulatory function, ciliary muscle will always be in a state of contraction, may cause fatigue or spasm. Pseudomyopia is often referred to as the fatigue of ciliary muscle.

How to distinguish true myopia from false myopia?

Answer: mydriatic optometry.

The so-called mydriasis, in fact, is to drop cycloplegic drugs into the eyes, so that the ciliary muscle does not contract. Because these drugs usually cause mydriasis, so the clinical process is called mydriasis.

After mydriasis, optometry is performed. Since the effect of ciliary muscle has been removed at this time, the true degree of the eye can be found out.

If after mydriasis optometry, the child still has myopia degree, that means that the child is really myopia, usually can not be reversed.

What can we do at this time?

Let the children develop slowly. If necessary, they should wear glasses!

There are many kinds of lenses, how do parents choose?

When the child is just short-sighted, most parents will choose to give the child frame glasses. At present, we can simply divide the lens of frame glasses into single light lens, double light lens and progressive multi focus lens.

Single lens

This is the most familiar lens, which has only one focus, including spherical and aspheric design.

In contrast, the curve design of aspheric surface can make the lens thinner and more beautiful, with less aberration and distortion, so the visual quality will be better.

Many parents like to make their children match less degrees. They think that if the degree match is higher, it seems that the degree will rise faster.

However, studies have shown that under correction (i.e. not wearing glasses or not enough glasses) and foot correction (enough glasses) are more likely to slow down the development of myopia.

Therefore, it is recommended that you try to match the degree enough to obtain the lowest degree of the best corrected vision.

Reduce the defocusing lens of peripheral hyperopia

Nowadays, many children are wearing a special kind of lens, which can reduce the defocusing of peripheral hyperopia. They think it can control the development of myopia. What's the matter with this kind of lens?

For ordinary single lens, when the image in the center of the lens just falls on the macular area in the center of the retina, the image focus around the retina actually falls on the back of the retina, that is, the so-called peripheral hyperopia defocusing.

As the focal point falls behind the retina, the compensatory lengthening of the ocular axis will be induced, and the myopia degree will increase by 300 degrees for each 1mm increase of the ocular axis.

Therefore, theoretically, reducing the defocus of peripheral hyperopia can eliminate this inducing factor and control the increase of myopia degree.

This principle is used to control the development of myopia. However, according to the published literature, the effect of reducing the defocusing of peripheral hyperopia by using frame lens is not as good as that of shaping lens.

bifocal lens

The so-called double light, in short, is a pair of lenses with two focal points.

Generally, the upper part of the lens is a normal degree lens, which is used to look far; the lower part is a lens with a certain degree added down, which is used to look near.

For example, when you look far, you are nearsighted by 500 degrees; when you look near, if you add 150 degrees, you become nearsighted by 350 degrees.

The main purpose of this design is to see near, the eye does not need to use adjustment, parallel light can focus on the retina, avoid the fatigue of ciliary muscle, so control the development of myopia.

There are indeed studies that show that binoculars have some effect on myopia control, but long-term wearing is prone to exotropia.

As our eyes are close to each other, adjustment and convergence are related. That is to say, when the eyes are used for adjustment, the eyeballs will converge inside, while wearing binocular glasses, the children's eyes will not use adjustment when they are close to each other, and the eyeballs will not turn inside. If we do this for a long time, it is easy to cause the eyes to deviate outwards and affect the normal eye position.

Therefore, in order to equip children with binocular glasses, it is necessary to add a certain degree of prism to control the normal eye position, which is the current binocular prism.

However, there is a problem with the binoculars. The degrees of the upper and lower lenses vary greatly, so there will be a jump phenomenon when looking at the distance and the near.

The emergence of progressive multifocal lenses solves this problem.

progressive lenses

This kind of lens has multiple focal points, and the design of progressive lens is gradual transition from top to bottom. So it's quite suitable for people with decreased regulation ability, that is, the eyesore.

Wearing a pair of progressive multifocal glasses, you can see far, middle and near. Since there is no obvious boundary between lenses, there will be no jumping phenomenon.

There was a time when progressive multifocal glasses were also recommended for children to wear. It was thought that reducing the adjustment of near sight can control the development of myopia, but at present, the mainstream academic circles do not agree to wear progressive multifocal glasses for ordinary children.

Because it may affect the normal position of the eyes as well as the binoculars. Therefore, in addition to children with implicit deviation, progressive multifocal glasses can be considered, and children with general myopia are not recommended to wear progressive multifocal glasses.

To sum up, for most children, the most important thing is to have mydriatic optometry first, and then to have full correction. The lens and the double prism which can reduce the defocusing of peripheral hyperopia have certain effect on the control of myopia. We can follow the doctor's advice according to the specific situation. However, progressive multifocal glasses are not recommended except for children with implicit inclination. 

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